April 6, 2012

We have received several reports of pea aphids in alfalfa in southeastern Nebraska. These aphids are often the first to appear each spring in alfalfa.

Pea aphids are comparatively large (3/16 inch long), bright green aphids, with long legs, antennae, and cornicles (paired "tails" near the end of the body). These aphids over-winter as eggs. After hatching in the early spring, the nymphs feed on the first growth, and are usually found on the growing tips of the plants. High populations may cause wilting or death of the plant. Dry, cool conditions (55-60°F) favor the development of dense populations. Infestations are most likely to occur during spring or late summer.

To identify the aphids in your alfalfa and view comparative photos, see Alfalfa Insects II (EC1577)

To see insecticides available in Nebraska for aphid control in alfalfa, see the Guide to Weed Management in Nebraska with Insecticide and Fungicide Information, EC 130,

After scouting, to determine whether treatment is warranted, see the economic thresholds in Table 1.

Bob Wright
Extension Entomologist