January 2024 Climate Summary

February 14, 2024

Eric Hunt - Agricultural Meteorology and Climate Resilience Extension Educator

Coldest January Since 2011

The average temperature in January 2024 was 20.9°F, which is 1.2°F below the 20th Century average of 22.1°F. This was the 47th coldest January but the first January below the 20th Century average since 2011 and only the fourth below the 20th Century average since the mid-1990s. A map of temperature percentiles shows that the east-central and northeastern sections of Nebraska, where temperatures are traditionally coldest in January, were around the long-term average and below average almost everywhere else.

Average temperature percentiles for January 2024 — **Figure 1.** Percentiles for average temperature for January 2024.

Average precipitation percentiles for January 2024 — **Figure 2.** Percentiles for average precipitation for January 2024.

**Figure 3.** Average temperature for January 2024.

**Figure 4.** Total precipitation for January 2024.

Polar Vortex Yoga

The cold temperatures were the result of a prolonged period of polar vortex stretching, which led to very cold temperatures across the state between Jan. 9-21. At its peak, between Jan. 12 and 16, some parts of north-central and northeastern Nebraska spent 100 consecutive hours below 0°F. Every location in the state had at least one day with subzero maximum temperatures and many locations had multiple days of subzero maximum temperatures. Minimum temperatures dropped to 20 below for much of the state, with some locations setting daily record low temperatures (both maximum and minimum) between Jan. 13-16. The period between Jan. 11-20 was the coldest or second coldest on record for many crop reporting districts in the state.

**Figure 5.** January 2024 temperature ranks.

**Figure 6.** January 2024 precipitation ranks.

Heavy Snowfall

The extreme cold was preceded by significant snowfall across much of eastern Nebraska, with some places picking up well over a foot of snow between Jan. 8-Jan. 13. After the thaw began the week of Jan. 22, there were several days of fog across the eastern half of the state. This kept maximum temperatures around seasonal averages but kept minimum temperatures well above average. The month finished warm with temperatures well above average across the state and the remaining snowfall melted.

Drought Improvement

Total precipitation in the state for January was 0.66-inch, which is 0.16-inch above average. This was the fourth January in the last five years with precipitation above the 20th Century average. With above average precipitation for much of the state, there was some meaningful drought improvement. Indeed, 1-category improvements were noted over much of the eastern third of the state and only one pocket of Gage County saw any degradation.