August 8, 2008

Take Steps to Assure Seed Quality

Scab Found in Wheat Seed Samples

For the second straight year, we have identified scab in wheat samples we’re testing. It does not appear to be as widespread as last year; but there have been some highly infected lots that have germinated below 50%. Most samples are meeting germination standards but even the lightly infected seedlings that grow seem to be weaker and smaller. This could translate to a weak stand in the field if nothing is done.

Recommendations When Scab is Suspected

Growers should consider these options if they believe scab is present in the seed they plan to plant.

1. Treat the seed with a seed treatment fungicide. We have found that treatment on even some of the highly infected samples significantly boosts the germination rate. Samples that germinated at only 60% without treatment have germinated as high as 90% when treated. Since the fungus seems to be on the surface of otherwise healthy seeds, the treatment eliminates the effect that scab has on the germinating seedling and allows for normal growth. (Also see Seed Fungicides Offer Early Protection for 2009 Wheat Crop in this week's CropWatch.)

2. Condition the seed. This will help separate the scab infected seeds from the rest of the lot. Seeds infected with scab tend to be chalky, lighter, and shriveled, allowing them to be cleaned out. This will not get rid of all the scab, but it will improve the overall quality of the lot. The best way to ensure optimal germination would be to combine these options by conditioning and treating any wheat seed with scab.

3. Test any wheat being planted for purity, germination, and noxious weeds. Use certified seed to assure purity and high quality seed. Certified seed has passed field inspection and laboratory analysis for all quality factors.

NCIA Tests Assess Seed Quality

Any grower wishing to have their wheat tested can send a sample to the Nebraska Crop Improvement Association laboratory. Treated and untreated germination and other tests are available. This is an inexpensive way to know the quality of your seed wheat so you can make an informed decision on what to plant this fall. A germination test is $14 and a treated germination test is $21. One-pound samples can be mailed to the

Nebraska Crop Improvement Association
267 Plant Science Hall
Lincoln NE. 68583-0911

Randy Crowl
Seed Analyst
Nebraska Crop Improvement Association

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Published by University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension in the Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources Cooperating with the counties and the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

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